|
Groundwater banking is a water management tool designed to increase water supply reliability.〔Semitropic Water Storage District. FAQs. 〕 The groundwater will reduce the risk of relying on surface water and will maximize expected income.〔 There are regulatory storage-type aquifer recovery and storage systems which when water is injected into it gives the right to withdraw the water later on.〔 Groundwater banking has been implemented into semiarid and arid southwestern United States because this is where there is the most need for extra water.〔 The overall goal is to transfer water from low-value to high-value uses by bringing buyers and sellers together.〔 == Groundwater Storage Concepts == The bank is an aquifer used as an underground storage tank, and the recharge of water causes an increase in the volume of water stored in the aquifer to have increasing water levels.〔 In the case of a withdrawal there would be a decrease in water levels.〔 The amount of water depends also on a couple of other factors including groundwater pumping by other users, leakage, and natural recharge.〔 The recharge of water by land application or injection increases the volume of water, and then some of the water will be used at a future time.〔 It can be looked at as inputs of water minus outputs is equal to the change in water storage.〔 Another aspect is the hydrology which is the difference between dynamic and static response to recharge and abstraction.〔 The water levels will rise or fall in the well during recharge and recovery.〔 Once recharge and recovery stops the water levels return to background levels, and one of the main issues is the change in static water levels after the dynamic response from recharge or recovery disappears.〔 There can be some technical issues with the aquifer response to manage recharge and recovery.〔 If the aquifer is hydraulically connected to body of water on the surface there are increases in the water table elevation as the result of managed recharge.〔 This could increase the rate of discharge or decrease the amount of induced recharge, and both of these cause water to leave the basin.〔 The recharge and recovery could also affect the lateral and vertical groundwater flow into the aquifer.〔 There isn’t always a one-to-one correspondence between the volume of water and the change in storage.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Groundwater banking」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|